The Tribe of Judah, Levi and the Igbo
Rabbi Yehudah "Tochukwu" ben Shomeyr
JUDAH
Judah, thou art he whom thy
brethren shall praise: thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies; thy
father's children shall bow down before thee. Judah is a lion's
whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as
a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up? The sceptre
shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh
come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be. Binding
his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his
garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes: His
eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk. – Gen. 49:8-12
And
this is the blessing of Judah: and he said, Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah, and bring him unto his people: let his hands be
sufficient for him; and be thou an help to him from his enemies. – Deut. 33:7
Just as Jews have made their home in exile in virtually every country of
the world so too will you find the Igbo. Because of this trait and phenomena
the Igbo have often been called, “The Jews of Africa” or “The Jews of Nigeria.”
Jews are made up of the Ancient Southern Kingdom of Israel which was
comprised of the Tribes of Judah, Levi and a small portion of Benjamin. They
were taken off into Babylonian captivity which eventually ended and some of
them decided to stay in Babylon but the majority of them returned to the Land
of Israel to rebuild Jerusalem, its walls and the Temple. The descendants of
these Jews are who we recognize as the Jewish People today, who now reside on
vitually every continent of the world.
Judah and Levi are one of these Tribes that traveled far and wide and can
be found wherever Hebrews and or Israelites can be found. It is almost certain
Judah can be found among the Igbo People. They likely traveled with Gad’s sons
Eri, Areli and Arodi with Levi and Zebulon and others such as the Egyptians and
Babylonians who made their way to Nigeria.
Even when the Northern Kingdom of Israel was steeped deep I paganism and
idolatry Judah faired not much better, but were nonetheless known as the
keepers of custom, culture and traditions of the Hebrew People and even today
the Jewish Faith is named after their Tribe.
Because the traditions and customs (Omeana) of the Igbo People parallel
that of Judaism in most every way, testifies to the fact that Judah is most
certainly among and apart of the Igbo. The Uda clan of Enugu state say they are
from the Tribe of Judah.
Another way that Judah ended up in Nigeria is that the students of
Babylonian Jewish Rabbi, Abba ben Ibo due to persecution fled to Africa via the
Sahara, Nuba and eventually settled in Nigeria.
Some who claim the Ebonites were a faction or splinter group of the
Essenes (some being students of descendants of the students of Rabbi Ibo) fled
to Africa after the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 A.D.
Furthermore it is believed by some that Rabbi Ibo and even the Ebonites
were black and that the word Ebony comes from the Ebo in Ebonite; Ebo meaning
poor in monetarily and implied in a spiritual sense of being wealthy. Many
ancient cultures revere the color black and the black man as a symbol of great
wisdom and prophetic insight. But were some Jews Black?
It is
believed that the handmaids Zilpah and Bilah were Canaanite or half Canaanite,
thus from Noah’s son Hamm and therefore black women. Thus the tribes of Israel
they bore would have been darker than the Tribes Rachel and Leah birthed.
Rachel and Leah, like Jacob came from Noah’s son Shem, the father of the Hebrew
and Arab peoples and is believed to be dark, but lighter than Hamm.
Also not
that Judah had children by Tamar (Gen. 38) who was a Canaanite woman and
therefore, black. King Solomon of Judah whose mother was from Sheba was a black
woman and Solomon is rumored to have had a son by the Queen of Sheba. Song of
Solomon reveals that Solomon definitely had at least one (albeit more) black
wife. Also recall that Moses married a Cushite woman. Cush coming from Hamm and
his son Canaan, therefore black and thus establishing black Levites such as is
found among the Ethiopian Lemba Tribe who DNA tests prove them to be
descendants of Levi, possibly sent back with Queen Sheba and the son her and
Solomon was said to have with her.
Finally
recall Abraham who married Hagar also believed to be a black Egyptian woman.
All Egyptians were black people prior to the Hyksos. Thus the door is blown
open wide for there to be plenty of black Jews and Hebrews. In fact, the White
Jews and Hebrews may very well be in the minority considering all the Lost
Tribes. Not to mention the exiles of Judah and Israel and them having children
by peoples of the lands where they had been exiled, some of which were black.
The Jews and Hebrews who found themselves in Nigeria intermarried with the
indigenous people already occupying Nigeria when Gad’s son Eri and the others
from Israel came. And so it is entirely plausible and almost certain that there
are Jews of Judah among the Igbo.
Professor O.
Alaezi in his book Ibo Exodus says on pages 128-129:
“The Ibo towns and
villages are Jewish Item, to start with, is from the Jewish name “Etam”
(pronounced as it is written in Hebrew) from the family of Zorathites of the
tribe of Judah (see I Chronicles 4:3). There is a counterpart Item town, Itam
near Utyo in Akwa Ibom, also pronounced as the original Etam. Our immediate
neighbors are also of the same tribe of Judah. Examples. Alayi (see “Alayi” of
the tribe of Judah I Chron. 2:31); Ugwueke (of “Eker” of the tribe of Judah – I
Chron. 2:27); Edda of “Eldad” (See Numbers 11:27). Akaeze (“Eker Ezer”), and so
on. Jewish family names that are still prevalent in Tem include Amaeke (of
“Eker), Amukabi (or Umuakabia as written in other parts of Iboland) – of “Abia”
I Chron. 3:10); Abieye from ‘Prohet Abieye’, one of the minor Prophets of
Israel, Ete from “Ether” – Joshua 15:34), Amabo Okoko (“Akan” I Chron. 1:34).
Eleke (“Helek”, - Numbers 6:30); Erinma (of “Eri” – Gen. 46:16); Eke (“Eker”, I
Chron. 2:27) Eze (“Ezer”, Neh, 3:19); Offia (“Ophra”, I Chron. 4:13); Ubani
(“Uban”, Ezra 2:10) Alaezi (“Eliezer”, Exd. 18:14). Onam or Unam (“Onam” I
Chrn. 1:40) Iheaka (“El Iheaka”, one of the attribute nameas of God); Usa (name
of person in Okoko Item) from the Hebrew name, Joshua pronounced as Yoshua. ‘J’
is pronounced ‘y’ in Hebrew. We also have Isi or Isi (See “Ishi”, I Chron.
4:20). Examples. Isiosu, Amabo, Okok Item, Umuisi in Igbere, Ishiagu, Isiokpo,
Ishi Nnewi, Amichi, Umuichi, etc…”
LEVI
Simeon and Levi are brethren;
instruments of cruelty are in their habitations. O my soul,
come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly, mine honour, be not thou
united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged
down a wall. Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and
their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in
Israel. – Gen. 49:5-7
And of Levi he said, Let thy
Thummim and thy Urim be with thy holy one, whom thou didst prove at Massah, and
with whom thou didst strive at the waters of Meribah; Who said
unto his father and to his mother, I have not seen him; neither did he
acknowledge his brethren, nor knew his own children: for they have observed thy
word, and kept thy covenant. They shall teach Jacob thy
judgments, and Israel thy law: they shall put incense before thee, and whole
burnt sacrifice upon thine altar. Bless, Lord, his substance, and accept the work of his hands; smite through
the loins of them that rise against him, and of them that hate him, that they
rise not again. – Deut. 33:8-11
Knowing that
the Tribe of Levi has been dispersed and scattered amongst all the 12 tribes
during the Babylonian and Assyrian Captivities one may wonder, “Are there
Levites amongst the Igbos or Gad?” That is a very good and valid question; one
we can only speculate on because if Gad did leave prior to the Exodus of Moses,
the Levites may not have known or operated in their priestly capacity prior to
Adonai’s revelation to them at Sinai, therefore a portion of Levi may not have
left with Gad’s son Eri, his brothers and their other companions. If Eri and
the others left after the Exodus of Moses it is likely some from Levi did go
with them. Either way it is speculated that some of Levi did travel with Gad’s
sons because there is a priestly cast among the Igbo that preformed sacrifices
and ministered among the people. But this question will remain unresolved until
officials come and test for the Cohen Gene in the DNA
of the priestly caste of the Igbo. To date I am unaware of any test such as
this being performed. But it wouldn’t surprise me at all if the Cohen Gene is
found among the Igbos.
Levites not
having an inheritance in the Land (Num. 18:21, Deut. 10:8, 18:1, Josh. 13:14,
33) was a Tribe without home except in the Tabernacle/Temple. Thus Levi lived
amidst every Tribe of Israel and we see were coveted as personal and household
priests (Judges 17). So it is entirely possible for Levites to have traveled
with Eri or other Gadites during other Gadite and Israelite migrations
throughout history to be found in Nigeria among the Igbo. Perhaps some felt
their journey would be blessed if they have a son of Levi with them.
The Nri
Priesthood functions in much the same way as the Levitical Priesthood but it is
questionable whether the Nri are Levites, seeing as the Nri come from Eri’s son
(a Gadite) Menri, that is unless his mother was a Levite, but then again this
would not show up in a DNA test because the Cohen Gene is passed down by the
father. Perhaps it was Levites that Instructed Mneri and the Nri clan in the
Levitical ways. Regardless of Nri being Gadites or Levites, for them to
function as Levites it would not surprise me to find Levitical blood somewhere
among the Igbo.
